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业绩飘红、股价却走低？多家券商业绩会直面投资者“灵魂拷问”_我的网站

A |     　　2026年上市券商半年报进入密集披露期。截至8月26日，已有中信证券（600030.SH）、国泰海通（601211.SH）、中信建投（601066.SH）等近20家券商及券商概念股披露上半年成绩单。
　　从已披露数据看，上半年券商行业整体盈利修复态势明确，规模梯队分化显著。头部阵营优势稳固。    Sputnik: How do you assess the results of the XIV BRICS Summit for Russia and India?,Denis Alipov: The XIV BRICS Summit held on 23 June this year was certainly another significant step in the development of the BRICS [Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa] grouping, which in essence reflects the formation of a new reality in international relations - the transition from a unipolar system to a polycentric world order.,The important thing is that, against the backdrop of geopolitical collisions, the five countries send a powerful message of common understanding of global processes - from reforming the multilateral system of economic governance to the situation in disarmament and non-proliferation, information security, counter-terrorism and other challenges. There was a clear consensus against arbitrary sanctions, which are the exclusive prerogative of the UN Security Council. We also shared a disapproval of the distorting effects of any discriminatory measures in international trade, which mainly affect developing countries.,Of course, our main target now is to build a smooth and reliable system of mutual settlements as an alternative to a compromised mechanism based on the dominance of the US dollar. We suggest developing a new international currency, to connect the banks of the BRICS countries to the Russian System for Transfer of Financial Messages, SPFS (a SWIFT analogue), to integrate national payment systems into a unified network for cross-border clearing settlements.,Clearly, no less importantly are steps to strengthen BRICS’ sectoral cooperation, which, according to the results of this year's work, continues to expand in the spheres of health, science and technology, space, etc. The New Development Bank, having a loan portfolio of $29Bln, stands out for its successful project activities.,The BRICS+ High-level Forum on Sustainable Development received a great response, which demonstrated the considerable interest developing countries have in cooperating with BRICS, and the positive global agenda that the grouping is building.,I believe that the BRICS, contrary to criticism, will have an increasing influence on world processes.,Sputnik: How does India and China's interaction within the BRICS framework unfold against the backdrop of the territorial dispute between the two countries in Ladakh? And how does this disagreement generally affect how the 'Five' interact and work with each other? Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi on Wednesday said that “common interests of India and China 'far outweigh' the differences” at a meeting with India’s ambassador to Beijing - is that really true?,Denis Alipov: Interaction within BRICS is mature and constructive. The active participation of India and China in all BRICS events this year clearly demonstrates this. The most important thing is that the member states use this platform not to antagonize each other but to promote mutually beneficial cooperation and synergy of interests.,The "Five" offer an extensive common agenda on these very foundations, that in one way or other will also contribute to overcoming bilateral disagreements.,Sputnik: Does BRICS plan to expand in the near future (according to media reports, China is in favor of this), and how do Russia and India view this?,Denis Alipov: The interest of like-minded countries in the "Five" is proof positive of how inclusive the association is, its openness to cooperation with all constructively minded partners, ready to seek answers to the challenges which are facing the international community at present.,Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov stressed that the discussion of BRICS expansion is justified and timely. The idea itself received principled support at the XIV BRICS Summit. Another thing to remember is that haste in this matter may be counterproductive. It is necessary to think in detail about the principles, standards and procedures of such a process, which should be developed through debate and by consensus. The main thing is that the accession of new members will help to increase the effectiveness and practical impact of the “Five's” activities.,Sputnik: How do you assess BRICS' role as a platform for building relations between the members of the association and enhancing relations between Russia and India in particular?,Denis Alipov: BRICS plays an important role in building relations between member countries. It has a great deal of institutional capacity and experience in practical cooperation. As I have already said, the “Five” share a common understanding of the need to build an equitable and fair polycentric model of the global system that corresponds with the political, economic and cultural diversity of today's world and meets the interests of all its states.,The decisions made at this platform undoubtedly also contribute to enhancing cooperation between India and Russia. It is sufficient to cite a few examples of the mechanisms that have been created: the New Development Bank, the Vaccine Research and Development Center, and the Joint Committee on Space Cooperation. Each of them provides a platform for experts to share experiences and find promising solutions in specific areas, and they can use this useful experience both at home and with regard to the interaction between our two countries.,BRICS May Defuse Frozen Border Issues Between India and China, Expert Says27 June, 10:14 GMT,Sputnik: India has recently come under pressure from the West because of its balanced stance on Russia's special military operation in Ukraine. Have the anti-Russian sanctions affected the cooperation between Moscow and New Delhi? And have you personally noticed any changes in the Indian position?,Denis Alipov: The partnership between Russia and India rests on a deep strategic foundation, drawing its strengths not only from strong historical roots, but also on a coinciding vision of the future world order. As you see, the external conjunction is incapable of affecting our relations in any meaningful way. We have regularly seen evidence of this in statements by the Indian leadership in recent months.,We are grateful to New Delhi for its objective assessment of the Ukrainian events. Clearly, they understand the background of the present geopolitical and geo-economic situation and the forced nature of Russia's actions in Ukraine. They see the destructive role of illegitimate restrictions in the genesis of the present global food and energy crisis, the responsibility for which the West seeks to place entirely on our country.,India does not support attempts to isolate Russia in multilateral forums and is critical of the West's wish to reduce the international agenda to the conflict in question, ignoring other key global and regional problems, which the West itself has exacerbated significantly. The pressure exerted by the West, aggressively imposing its conditions about who one can and cannot be friends with, causes the rejection of such diktat.,At the same time, we must be realistic about what is happening: India is interested in developing cooperation with the rest of the world, including the United States and Europe. National interests and the need to preserve strategic autonomy guide the Indians in their actions, rejecting the very idea of dividing lines and the paradigm of bloc confrontation.,As for the sanctions as such, they certainly throw up challenges, which will require a certain time to adapt and, I am sure, will be overcome in time. The main thing is that our cooperation actively continues because it is based on common interests and an understanding of each other's special place in mutual strategic arrangements.,Sputnik: In December 2021, Russia and India outlined many new goals for cooperation, including doubling mutual trade and investment. How realistic do these goals now seem?,Denis Alipov: First and foremost, it should be noted that the goals outlined in December 2021 at the annual bilateral summit in New Delhi are fully consistent with the enormous potential of our relations. The India-Russia partnership operates on all sorts of levels. We are expanding cooperation in communications, diamond processing, forestry, healthcare and pharmaceuticals, tourism, railroads, metallurgy, civil aviation, shipbuilding and oil refining. Our military and military-technical cooperation is being strengthened. We are progressively implementing the plans adopted at the 2019 Vladivostok Summit to work together in the Far Eastern and Arctic regions, and we are building up cooperation in the trade, economic, investment, banking and financial sectors.,The dynamics of bilateral trade speak for itself. According to India's statistics, from January to April 2022, it amounted to $6.4Bln. This is almost twice as much as for the same period last year. If we maintain these volumes throughout the year, we will have a turnover of more than $19Bln by the end of 2022. To put this in context, let me remind you that in the previous year we had an absolute record of $13.6Bln.,I expect that despite the West's sanctions against Russia, the positive dynamics of trade will continue. Unfortunately, in the first months after the launch of the special military operation in Ukraine there were certain difficulties with supplying Russian goods to India and vice versa. However, today we have successfully overcome most of these barriers. We are confident that Indian exports to Russia (including science-intensive ones) will gain momentum in the near future.,We see good prospects for Indian pharmaceutical products, leather and textiles, agricultural goods, components for machinery and equipment, telecommunications equipment, organic chemistry products. We expect growth in mutual turnover of services in such sectors as tourism, finance and insurance, telecommunications and information technology, transport and construction. We have great hopes for the implementation of the International North–South Transport Corridor (INSTC) project.,The withdrawal of many western companies from the Russian market opens up many new opportunities for Indian businesses. The Russian business community is very serious about strengthening ties with India. Russia invites Indian companies in the aviation and metallurgical industries, in the wood-processing chain, and firms producing consumer goods for business cooperation.,Our main task today is to adjust our trade and economic relations to the new realities, to synchronize the payment systems of the two countries, giving priority to the increased use of national currencies.,Sputnik: US media giants, despite the diversity of the Indian media sphere, have been successful in infiltrating it. How far do you think has US propaganda penetrated local media? How do you view your interaction with the Indian media against this backdrop?,Denis Alipov: Indeed, western media has taken a very strong hold around the world and in India as well. These circumstances – and many local analysts point this out – limit the ability of national media outlets to offer their audiences an independent view of global processes. Much of the content published here is reprints from Reuters, the Associated Press, and AFP, all of which openly promote the interests of the so-called collective West, not shying away from fostering Russophobic sentiments and trafficking fake news.,India Discussing Rupee-Ruble Payment Mechanism With Russia24 June, 13:35 GMT,This is especially evident in the Indian media's coverage of events around Ukraine. Local newspapers sometimes publish absolute nonsense, exposing a basic ignorance of the region and history. There is no shortage of blatantly ordered articles aimed at denigrating the activities of Russian companies in India. This is nothing but an attempt at unfair competition.,Obviously, we respond appropriately. We publish our own material and rebuttals. We work with the press corps and explain all the nuances of the events from a historical and geopolitical point of view. We make active use of internet resources in this area.,It is noteworthy that local authorities have also intervened in the situation. In April this year, India's Ministry of Information and Broadcasting issued recommendations to satellite TV channels, indicating the unacceptability of spreading inaccurate and misleading information, including in the context of covering Russia's special military operation in Ukraine.,We know that the vast majority of our Indian friends, including in the journalistic community, do not share the one-sided view of the situation imposed on them. They prefer to trust facts, which, incidentally, are in the public domain - every day relevant materials are posted on the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Defense's websites. They can also be found on the embassy's website and its social media accounts.,Some Indian journalists visited the Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics, wanting to see with their own eyes what was really going on. Their reports and interviews are now available to the public. I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude for their work.,Furthermore, I would like to thank our audience on social media. Thanks to their comments and support, we can see that attempts to tarnish Russia are doomed to failure.,Sputnik: You are an expert on India and speak Hindi. Please tell us, what made you fall in love with this country?,Denis Alipov: India for me is a life-long journey. I have spent more than 27 years here, studied its history in college, and been directly involved with the development of relations with it throughout my tenure.,As it did for my mentor and predecessor, the late Ambassador Alexander Kadakin [Russia's ambassador to India from 2009 to 2017], India became for me a 'Karmabhoomi' - a land of action.,India is an incredible country, an ancient civilization that combines centuries-old traditions and modern trends, the diversity of cultures, languages and beliefs. It is the brightest embodiment of the formula of unity in diversity. Rapid economic, scientific and technological development, the large young active population, the impressive growth of authority in the global arena have ensured its strong place among the world powers that will determine the future of our planet.。中信证券、国泰海通（601211.SH）上半年营收均突破400亿元，分别达496.92亿元、471.63亿元；归母净利润均超200亿元，分别为233.43亿元、202.60亿元。增速方面，国泰海通营收同比大增97.56%，中信证券、中信建投、财达证券（600906.SH）营收增速也均达50%及以上。　　第二梯队券商营收集中在60亿-70亿元区间，兴业证券（601377.SH）、光大证券（601788.SH）等上半年分别实现营收67.30亿元、60.56亿元。东兴证券（601198.SH）、财达证券、信达证券（601059.SH）及锦龙股份参股的东莞证券营收处于20亿-30亿元区间。　　中小券商业绩弹性突出。哈投股份（600864.SH）旗下江海证券、锦龙股份（000712.SZ）控股的中山证券营收均在10亿元以下，分别为9.78亿元、3.49亿元；中山证券归母净利润仅5032.53万元，在披露主体中垫底，但同比增速高达238.17%，本次统计披露主体中增速最高。财达证券、中山证券归母净利润增速均超100%，中信证券、中信建投、兴业证券、东莞证券增速也均在60%以上，仅信达证券增速最低，同比增长7.15%。　　资产端整体呈现扩张态势。中信建投总资产较上年末增长27%，中信证券、国泰海通、东莞证券等增幅均超10%。唯有信达证券总资产较上年末下降7.47%，公司解释称主要因交易性金融资产较上年末减少92.81亿元、其他债权投资减少62.58亿元，同期货币资金增加28.71亿元、融出资金增加18.21亿元，资产结构向高流动性调整。　　与亮眼财报形成错位的是板块的冷清行情。Wind数据显示，截至8月26日收盘，申万证券行业指数年内累计下跌超10%；板块50只成分股中仅华安证券（600909.SH）、长江证券（000783.SZ）、招商证券（600999.SH）3只录得上涨，其余47只全部下挫，下跌个股占比超九成。　　跌幅梯队分化明显。国盛证券（002670.SZ）年内跌幅超30%，居于首位；湘财股份（600095.SH）、锦龙股份、首创证券（601136.SH）、中银证券（601696.SH）、中国银河（601881.SH）、国信证券（002736.SZ）、长城证券（002939.SZ）、兴业证券（601377.SH）跌幅在20%-30%区间。

B | 　　头部券商同样未能幸免：中信证券8月20日披露财报后次日微涨0.30%，年初至今仍累计下跌3%；国泰海通8月18日披露半年报后次日微涨0.62%，随后连续两个交易日回落，年初至今累计下跌13.76%。　　估值层面，当前A股上市券商板块整体平均市净率约1.41倍，处于近十年历史低位，高净利润增速与低估值形成强烈反差。　　巨丰投顾投资顾问总监郭一鸣对界面新闻指出，业绩与股价背离的核心在于股价交易的是未来预期，而非已落地的半年报业绩。

C | 他表示，券商上半年盈利大多由市场阶段性行情驱动，自营浮盈、成交量抬升推高利润属于脉冲式收益。机构普遍担忧后续市场震荡、成交回落将带动盈利明显回落，并不认可当前高利润的可持续性。　　除此之外，存量资金持续涌向科技成长主线，机构对券商板块配置偏低，缺少增量资金推动；叠加财报披露属于利好落地，不少资金借业绩兑现离场，进一步压制板块表现。　　郭一鸣同时对界面新闻提到，结构性行情下券商传统“牛市旗手”的炒作溢价持续弱化，作为强周期行业，市场更关注景气边际变化，当资金预判行业景气已至阶段高点，即便当期利润可观，也会提前压低估值。

D | 　　“业绩大好却持续破净破发”“投资十年仍亏损”“股价严重跑输大盘”，在已召开业绩说明会的中信证券、国泰海通、中信建投、光大证券四家券商中，股价表现均是投资者提问的重中之重。　　针对“利润大涨却跑输上证指数”的提问，中信证券回应称，公司高度重视市值管理与投资者回报，2026年上半年累计开展机构投资者投关活动20余场，接听股东热线1400余次；分红方面，拟每10股派4.27元，合计派现66.72亿元。　　光大证券被投资者直言“5年、10年投资均亏损，算上分红仍亏本”，呼吁公司推出股份回购。

E | 公司回应称，将持续通过提升业绩、现金分红、投资者关系管理等方式提升投资价值，并将在合规前提下积极研究股票回购的可行性。　　中信建投被问及如何传递“科技金融”“数智投行”的长期价值以引导估值修复。公司表示，将线下通过业绩说明会、路演、反向路演深化交流，线上依托官网、官微等数字化渠道同步进展，持续向市场传递战略价值。　　股价背离的背后，是市场对券商行业强周期属性的根深蒂固的担忧。如何摆脱“靠天吃饭”、建立不依赖单边行情的内生增长模式，是业绩说明会上另一核心议题。　　中信建投明确回应称，证券行业天然的周期属性无法完全规避，公司正通过三层战略逐层破局：一是打造“价值投行”，提升主动管理、买方投顾、非方向交易收入占比，用更稳定的收入结构对冲周期波动；二是布局“新质投行”，锚定新质生产力长期赛道，将增长锚从市场成交量切换至产业升级趋势，把市场β转化为专业α；三是推进“数智投行”，以金融科技挖掘客户价值、提升运营效率，用效率对冲波动。　　具体业务的风险防控也在同步加固。针对科创板跟投浮盈的可持续性与风险传导问题，中信证券介绍，公司已建立全周期风险管理体系，通过分级授权、分散投资、定期排查、统一监控等手段，实现投前风险前置、投中多维度预警、投后多样化处置，防范底层资产风险向自营盘传导。　　针对两融业务的流动性安全，中信建投披露，截至6月末公司流动性覆盖率、净稳定资金率均符合监管要求且留有充足安全垫。公司每季度开展压力测试，设置轻度、中度、重度三级情景，同时储备规模适度、结构合理的流动性资产，以及品种丰富、额度充足的融资工具，可有效应对极端市场波动。　　对于行业长期前景，银河证券研报认为，中长期资金加速入市、市场活跃度维持高位，2026年资本市场“健康牛”态势确定性较强，财富管理转型、国际化拓展、金融科技赋能均有望成为券商提升ROE（净资产收益率）的核心驱动力，当前板块估值处于历史低位，防御与反弹属性兼备。但短期来看，市场对业绩可持续性的分歧尚未消解，券商板块要真正走出“业绩涨、股价跌”的困局，仍需用持续的结构转型，证明自身摆脱周期依赖的能力。（文章来源：界面新闻）。

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